Carl Jung
Carl Jung was one of the pioneers of modern depth psychology and psychoanalysis. He first became a physician and then entered the emerging field of psychoanalytic psychiatry. Through his personal experience, his work with patients, and copious research, Jung developed ideas and methods of inquiry that have deepened and broadened our understandings of personality, psychodynamics, and the shaping energies of social history. He established analytical psychology and advanced the idea of introvert and extrovert personalities and the power of the unconscious.
Among Jung’s most important work was his in-depth analysis of the psyche, which he explained as follows: “By psyche I understand the totality of all psychic processes, conscious as well as unconscious,” separating the concept from conventional concept of the mind, which is generally limited to the processes of the conscious brain alone.
Carl Jung was an early supporter of Freud because of their shared interest in the unconscious. However in 1912, while on a lecture tour of America Jung publicly criticized Freud’s theory of the Oedipus complex and his emphasis on infantile sexuality. The following year this led to an irrevocable split between them and Jung went on to develop his own version of psychoanalytic theory. Most of Jung's assumptions of his analytical psychology reflect his theoretical differences with Freud.