An investment strategy is a systematic plan, approach, or methodology designed to guide investors on how to allocate their financial resources to achieve their investment goals. Your ultimate game plan, developing the right investment strategy involves understanding your current and future needs. A good strategy helps you stay focused through ups and downs and gives you discipline when emotions run high. Your investment strategy depends on your personal circumstances, including your age, capital, risk tolerance, and goals. Investment strategies range from conservative to highly aggressive, and include value and growth investing.
TYPES OF INVESTMENT STRATEGIES
Growth investing focuses on stocks that are expected to increase in value faster than the broader market. This strategy is usually adopted by investors who want to aggressively build wealth or expand the value of their portfolios by assuming additional risks.
Value investors aim to invest in stocks that are trading below their intrinsic values. They follow a contrarian approach, investing in out-of-favor companies with attractive valuations compared to underlying fundamentals.
Income investors build portfolios to generate a steady stream of cash that they can use to supplement or fully cover their living expenses. Income strategies are typically suitable for retirees and conservative investors focused on capital preservation.
Momentum investors buy securities that have outperformed the overall market over the last 3 to 12 months and sell those that have underperformed, assuming that past trends will continue.
Indexing aims to match the performance of a market index like the S&P 500 rather than trying to “beat” the market. Index investing carries significantly lower risks than growth or value investing as indexes tend to be highly diversified.
Tactical Asset Allocation.
Tactical asset allocation dynamically adjusts a portfolio’s asset class mix to take advantage of changing risk-return profiles and market opportunities. It follows a more active approach than traditional strategic asset allocation based on long-term targets.
CREATING AN INVESTMENT STRATEGY
Assess Your Investment Goals.
Clearly define the strategy’s financial objectives and estimate the returns you expect to achieve.
Determine Your Risk Tolerance.
Define your willingness and ability to tolerate a decline in the portfolio’s value and periods of high volatility. All investing involves risk.
Choose the Target Asset Allocation.
Asset allocation means assigning percentages to each portfolio component including stocks, bonds, cash, and other securities.
Select the Securities that Will Make Up the Portfolio.
Research specific securities across the asset classes that will be incorporated to populate the portfolio.
Execute the Strategy.
Fund the investment accounts and decide how the securities that will be added to the portfolio will be purchased.
Monitor and Rebalance.
Revisit the portfolio periodically to rebalance allocations to stay aligned with the original targets. This involves selling overweight assets to buy underweight ones.